VDR is a gene that codes for a protein that acts as a receptor vitamin D, which regulates bone development and calcium absorption. A variant of the gene (rs2228570 FokI polymorphism) is associated with a lower bone mineral density in white prepubescent girls.

The hnRNP C1/C2 component of the nuclear vitamin D receptor complex interacts with promoter regions of genes that are responsive to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and can induce their transcription. The interaction is regulated through the reciprocal pattern and temporal off-and-on occupancy of the VDRE between the two components. It is also influenced by chromosomal positioning and binding preferences for specific hormones. Microarray studies of human cells show that more than 100 genes have an identifiable VDRE in their promoters. The VDRE is occupied by transcription repressors in the absence of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. The 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-VDR complex binds to these genes, resulting in the recruitment of hnRNP C1/C2 and other proteins that can compete with the repressors and initiate transcription.

A virtual data room (VDR) is an online repository for information and documents pertinent to legal transactions, business or proceedings that are restricted in viewing or downloading. It makes use of data room service provider a central server as well as an extranet connection that is an Internet connection with restricted access, to offer controlled log-on for set times when users can view the data and documents.

Companies that deal with investment bankers and in mergers and acquisitions are among the most common users of a VDR. They must be able to share information in a transparent way with potential investors or buyers. The due diligence process will also require a significant amount of data. Life science companies also utilize VDRs for everything from clinical trial results to HIPAA compliance documentation.